PG Diploma EV Semester one Paper 3 Exam Section A

Q1. What does SOC (State of Charge) represent in a battery?
A. Battery temperature
B. Percentage of battery charged
C. Internal resistance
D. Voltage fluctuation
Answer: B
Explanation: SOC indicates the percentage of battery charge, from 0% (empty) to 100% (fully charged).

Q2. What does 100% SOC indicate?
A. Fully discharged battery
B. Fully charged battery
C. Battery failure
D. Battery overheating
Answer: B
Explanation: 100% SOC means the battery is fully charged.

Q3. What is SOH (State of Health) used to measure?
A. Charging speed
B. Remaining useful life of battery
C. Voltage drop
D. Current flow
Answer: B
Explanation: SOH indicates the condition and remaining life of a battery compared to a new one.

Q4. What does a 1C rate mean?
A. Charging in 2 hours
B. Charging in 30 minutes
C. Charging in 1 hour
D. Charging in 10 hours
Answer: C
Explanation: 1C means full charge/discharge in one hour.

Q5. What does 2C rate imply?
A. Charging in 1 hour
B. Charging in 2 hours
C. Charging in 30 minutes
D. Charging in 3 hours
Answer: C
Explanation: 2C means charging/discharging in half an hour.

Q6. Energy density is expressed in which unit?
A. W
B. Wh/kg
C. V
D. A
Answer: B
Explanation: Energy density is measured in watt-hours per kilogram.

Q7. What does specific power indicate?
A. Energy storage capacity
B. Rate of energy delivery
C. Voltage level
D. Battery size
Answer: B
Explanation: Specific power measures how fast energy can be delivered.

Q8. What is battery capacity measured in?
A. Volts
B. Amperes
C. Ampere-hours
D. Watts
Answer: C
Explanation: Capacity is measured in Ah or mAh.

Q9. What does battery efficiency represent?
A. Voltage stability
B. Energy conversion effectiveness
C. Weight
D. Cost
Answer: B
Explanation: Efficiency measures how effectively energy is converted.

Q10. What is self-discharge?
A. Charging process
B. Loss of energy without load
C. Voltage increase
D. External damage
Answer: B
Explanation: Batteries lose energy even when not connected.

Q11. Which battery type is widely used in EVs?
A. Lead acid
B. Lithium-ion
C. Zinc-air
D. Nickel-iron
Answer: B
Explanation: Lithium-ion batteries dominate EV applications.

Q12. Lithium-ion batteries are preferred due to:
A. Low energy density
B. High maintenance
C. High energy density
D. Short cycle life
Answer: C
Explanation: They offer high energy density and long cycle life.

Q13. Which is NOT a future battery technology?
A. Solid-state
B. Lithium-metal
C. Sodium-ion
D. Carbon battery
Answer: D
Explanation: Carbon battery is not listed as future tech.

Q14. What is battery nail penetration test used for?
A. Performance testing
B. Safety testing
C. Charging test
D. Voltage test
Answer: B
Explanation: It checks safety under extreme conditions.

Q15. What is external short circuit test?
A. Efficiency test
B. Safety test
C. Charging test
D. Cooling test
Answer: B
Explanation: It evaluates battery behavior during short circuits.

Q16. What is a powertrain?
A. Charging system
B. Power generating system
C. Components generating and controlling motion
D. Battery pack
Answer: C
Explanation: Powertrain includes systems that generate motion.

Q17. EV powertrain converts:
A. Mechanical to electrical
B. Electrical to mechanical
C. Thermal to mechanical
D. Chemical to thermal
Answer: B
Explanation: EV powertrain converts electrical energy to motion.

Q18. Which is NOT a powertrain component?
A. Battery
B. Motor
C. Transmission
D. Fuel injector
Answer: D
Explanation: Fuel injectors are for ICE vehicles.

Q19. The traction motor converts:
A. Mechanical to electrical
B. Electrical to mechanical
C. Heat to electrical
D. Chemical to electrical
Answer: B
Explanation: It drives the vehicle.

Q20. Onboard charger converts:
A. DC to AC
B. AC to DC
C. DC to DC
D. AC to AC
Answer: B
Explanation: It converts AC supply to DC for battery charging.

Q21. Which system regulates battery temperature?
A. BMS
B. BTMS
C. Motor controller
D. Inverter
Answer: B
Explanation: Battery Thermal Management System controls temperature.

Q22. Optimal battery temperature range is:
A. 0–10°C
B. 15–35°C
C. 40–60°C
D. -50–0°C
Answer: B
Explanation: This range ensures best performance.

Q23. Which BTMS type uses fluid cooling?
A. Air cooling
B. Liquid cooling
C. PCM
D. Thermoelectric
Answer: B
Explanation: Liquid cooling uses coolant fluid.

Q24. Battery recycling helps recover:
A. Plastic only
B. Lithium, cobalt, nickel
C. Oxygen
D. Hydrogen
Answer: B
Explanation: Valuable metals are recovered.

Q25. Hydrometallurgy is used in:
A. Charging
B. Recycling
C. Testing
D. Cooling
Answer: B
Explanation: It is a battery recycling method.

Q26. What is the main function of a DC-DC converter in an EV?
A. Convert AC to DC
B. Convert high voltage DC to low voltage DC
C. Store energy
D. Control motor speed
Answer: B
Explanation: DC-DC converters step down high-voltage battery power for auxiliary systems.

Q27. Which component manages torque and speed in an EV motor?
A. Battery
B. Motor controller
C. Inverter
D. Charger
Answer: B
Explanation: Motor controllers regulate torque and speed.

Q28. What is the role of an inverter in EVs?
A. Store energy
B. Convert DC to AC
C. Convert AC to DC
D. Reduce voltage
Answer: B
Explanation: Inverter converts DC battery power to AC for motor operation.

Q29. Which EV type runs only on battery power?
A. HEV
B. PHEV
C. BEV
D. FCEV
Answer: C
Explanation: BEVs rely entirely on battery and electric motor.

Q30. What does HEV stand for?
A. Hybrid Electric Vehicle
B. High Energy Vehicle
C. Heavy Electric Vehicle
D. Hybrid Engine Vehicle
Answer: A
Explanation: HEVs combine electric motor and ICE.

Q31. What is regenerative braking?
A. Braking using friction only
B. Converting kinetic energy into electrical energy
C. Increasing speed
D. Cooling system
Answer: B
Explanation: It recovers energy during braking.

Q32. Which motor type is commonly used in EVs?
A. Steam motor
B. Induction motor
C. Diesel motor
D. Hydraulic motor
Answer: B
Explanation: Induction motors are widely used in EVs.

Q33. PMSM stands for:
A. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
B. Power Magnetic System Motor
C. Permanent Mechanical System Motor
D. Power Management Synchronous Motor
Answer: A
Explanation: PMSM is a common EV motor type.

Q34. What is the main advantage of EV motors?
A. High noise
B. Low efficiency
C. Instant torque
D. High fuel use
Answer: C
Explanation: EV motors provide instant torque.

Q35. What does a diode do?
A. Stores energy
B. Allows current in one direction
C. Increases voltage
D. Converts AC to AC
Answer: B
Explanation: Diodes allow one-way current flow.

Q36. MOSFET is used for:
A. Cooling
B. Switching
C. Charging
D. Storage
Answer: B
Explanation: MOSFET is used for switching operations.

Q37. What does IGBT combine?
A. Diode and resistor
B. MOSFET and BJT
C. Capacitor and resistor
D. Inductor and diode
Answer: B
Explanation: IGBT combines MOSFET and BJT features.

Q38. Which charging type is fastest?
A. Level 1
B. Level 2
C. DC fast charging
D. Wireless charging
Answer: C
Explanation: DC fast charging provides highest power.

Q39. Level 1 charging typically uses:
A. 240V
B. 120V
C. 480V
D. 600V
Answer: B
Explanation: Level 1 uses standard 120V outlet.

Q40. Level 2 charging operates at:
A. 120V
B. 240V
C. 12V
D. 48V
Answer: B
Explanation: Level 2 uses 240V supply.

Q41. What is the purpose of BMS?
A. Increase speed
B. Monitor battery performance
C. Reduce motor torque
D. Charge battery
Answer: B
Explanation: BMS monitors and protects battery.

Q42. BMS prevents:
A. Charging
B. Overcharging
C. Motion
D. Acceleration
Answer: B
Explanation: BMS protects against overcharging.

Q43. Which parameter is monitored by BMS?
A. Voltage
B. Temperature
C. Current
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: BMS monitors all these parameters.

Q44. What is cell balancing?
A. Equal voltage across cells
B. Increasing voltage
C. Reducing current
D. Cooling battery
Answer: A
Explanation: Ensures uniform charge across cells.

Q45. What does over-temperature protection do?
A. Increases speed
B. Activates cooling or shutdown
C. Charges battery
D. Reduces voltage
Answer: B
Explanation: Protects battery from overheating.

Q46. Which EV benefit is correct?
A. High emissions
B. Low maintenance
C. High noise
D. Fuel dependency
Answer: B
Explanation: EVs require less maintenance.

Q47. EVs produce:
A. High emissions
B. Zero tailpipe emissions
C. Smoke
D. CO₂ exhaust
Answer: B
Explanation: EVs have zero tailpipe emissions.

Q48. Which EV component stores energy?
A. Motor
B. Battery
C. Converter
D. Controller
Answer: B
Explanation: Battery stores electrical energy.

Q49. Which EV type uses fuel cells?
A. BEV
B. HEV
C. FCEV
D. PHEV
Answer: C
Explanation: FCEV uses hydrogen fuel cells.

Q50. EVs are quieter because:
A. No combustion engine
B. Low battery
C. High speed
D. Heavy weight
Answer: A
Explanation: No ICE results in low noise.