✅ SECTION A: EV POWERTRAIN (Q1–25)

Q1. What is a powertrain?
a) Cooling system
b) System that generates and controls motion
c) Braking system
d) Lighting system
Answer: b

Q2. EV powertrain converts:
a) Heat to light
b) Electrical to mechanical energy
c) Mechanical to electrical
d) Chemical to heat
Answer: b

Q3. Main energy storage in EV is:
a) Fuel tank
b) Battery
c) Capacitor
d) Generator
Answer: b

Q4. The electric motor converts:
a) Mechanical to electrical
b) Electrical to mechanical
c) Chemical to heat
d) Heat to motion
Answer: b

Q5. DC to AC conversion is done by:
a) Battery
b) Inverter
c) Charger
d) Motor
Answer: b

Q6. DC-DC converter is used for:
a) Charging battery
b) Voltage conversion
c) Cooling
d) Lighting
Answer: b

Q7. Transmission system is part of:
a) Electrical system
b) Mechanical system
c) Thermal system
d) Charging system
Answer: b

Q8. BEV stands for:
a) Battery Engine Vehicle
b) Battery Electric Vehicle
c) Basic EV
d) Battery Energy Vehicle
Answer: b

Q9. HEV includes:
a) Only battery
b) Only motor
c) Engine + motor
d) Solar panel
Answer: c

Q10. PHEV means:
a) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
b) Power Hybrid EV
c) Pure Hybrid EV
d) Plug EV
Answer: a

Q11. The onboard charger converts:
a) AC to DC
b) DC to AC
c) Mechanical to electrical
d) Heat to energy
Answer: a

Q12. Traction inverter is used to:
a) Charge battery
b) Convert DC to AC for motor
c) Cool battery
d) Increase voltage
Answer: b

Q13. VCU controls:
a) Lighting
b) Vehicle functions
c) Cooling
d) Charging
Answer: b

Q14. PDU distributes:
a) Heat
b) Electrical power
c) Air
d) Fuel
Answer: b

Q15. Regenerative braking helps to:
a) Increase fuel use
b) Recover energy
c) Reduce life
d) Increase heat
Answer: b

Q16. Electric motor replaces:
a) Gearbox
b) ICE engine
c) Battery
d) Charger
Answer: b

Q17. Main energy source in EV:
a) Petrol
b) Diesel
c) Battery
d) Gas
Answer: c

Q18. Thermal system is used for:
a) Cooling/heating
b) Charging
c) Speed
d) Lighting
Answer: a

Q19. DC-DC converter converts:
a) AC to DC
b) High DC to low DC
c) Heat to energy
d) Store energy
Answer: b

Q20. Auxiliary systems operate on:
a) High voltage
b) Low voltage
c) Mechanical
d) Fuel
Answer: b

Q21. Motor controller controls:
a) Charging
b) Speed & torque
c) Cooling
d) Lighting
Answer: b

Q22. BEV does not include:
a) Battery
b) Motor
c) ICE
d) Inverter
Answer: c

Q23. Energy flow starts from:
a) Motor
b) Battery
c) Wheels
d) Controller
Answer: b

Q24. Drivetrain includes:
a) Battery
b) Motor + transmission
c) Charger
d) Cooling
Answer: b

Q25. EV powertrain advantage:
a) High emissions
b) Low efficiency
c) High efficiency
d) Fuel dependency
Answer: c

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✅ SECTION B: BATTERIES & ENERGY STORAGE (Q26–50)

Q26. Battery converts:
a) Electrical to mechanical
b) Chemical to electrical
c) Heat to electrical
d) Light to heat
Answer: b

Q27. Lithium-ion batteries have:
a) Low energy density
b) High energy density
c) Heavy weight
d) Low life
Answer: b

Q28. Primary batteries are:
a) Rechargeable
b) Non-rechargeable
c) Solar
d) Liquid
Answer: b

Q29. Secondary batteries are:
a) Disposable
b) Rechargeable
c) Single-use
d) Mechanical
Answer: b

Q30. LFP means:
a) Lithium Ferro Phosphate
b) Low Power
c) Lead Ferro
d) Lithium Fuel
Answer: a

Q31. NMC includes:
a) Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt
b) Sodium, Copper
c) Nitrogen
d) Zinc
Answer: a

Q32. BTMS maintains:
a) Voltage
b) Temperature
c) Current
d) Weight
Answer: b

Q33. Optimal temperature:
a) 0–10°C
b) 15–35°C
c) 50–70°C
d) 80–100°C
Answer: b

Q34. Recycling helps to:
a) Increase waste
b) Recover materials
c) Reduce efficiency
d) Increase cost
Answer: b

Q35. Recovered materials include:
a) Iron
b) Lithium, cobalt, nickel
c) Gold
d) Aluminum
Answer: b

Q36. BTMS is used for:
a) Voltage
b) Temperature
c) Storage
d) Speed
Answer: b

Q37. BTMS types include:
a) Air
b) Liquid
c) PCM
d) All
Answer: d

Q38. Air cooling uses:
a) Water
b) Air
c) Oil
d) Gas
Answer: b

Q39. Liquid cooling uses:
a) Air
b) Coolant
c) Gas
d) Heat
Answer: b

Q40. PCM is used for:
a) Charging
b) Heat absorption
c) Voltage
d) Power
Answer: b

Q41. Thermoelectric cooling uses:
a) Heat
b) Electric current
c) Air
d) Fuel
Answer: b

Q42. Cathode is:
a) Negative
b) Positive
c) Neutral
d) Wire
Answer: b

Q43. Anode is:
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
d) Ground
Answer: b

Q44. Electrolyte transfers:
a) Electrons
b) Ions
c) Heat
d) Voltage
Answer: b

Q45. Separator prevents:
a) Heat loss
b) Short circuit
c) Charging
d) Discharging
Answer: b

Q46. Operating range:
a) 0–100°C
b) −20°C to 60°C
c) 50–120°C
d) −50–0°C
Answer: b

Q47. Safety avoids:
a) Charging
b) Fire
c) Efficiency
d) Voltage
Answer: b

Q48. Pyrometallurgy is:
a) Cooling
b) Recycling
c) Charging
d) Manufacturing
Answer: b

Q49. Hydrometallurgy uses:
a) Heat
b) Chemical solution
c) Air
d) Pressure
Answer: b

Q50. Direct recycling:
a) Destroy
b) Reuse materials
c) Waste
d) Reduce capacity
Answer: b

✅ SECTION C: BATTERY CHARACTERISTICS (Q51–70)

Q51. SOC stands for:
a) State of Current
b) State of Charge
c) System of Control
d) Source of Charge
Answer: b

Q52. 100% SOC means:
a) Empty battery
b) Fully charged
c) Half charged
d) Damaged
Answer: b

Q53. SOH indicates:
a) Voltage
b) Battery health
c) Current
d) Resistance
Answer: b

Q54. C-rate defines:
a) Voltage
b) Charging/discharging speed
c) Temperature
d) Resistance
Answer: b

Q55. 1C rate means:
a) 2 hours charging
b) 1 hour full charge
c) 3 hours
d) Instant
Answer: b

Q56. Energy density unit:
a) W
b) Wh/kg
c) Amp
d) Volt
Answer: b

Q57. Capacity unit:
a) Volt
b) Ampere-hour
c) Watt
d) Ohm
Answer: b

Q58. Self-discharge means:
a) Charging loss
b) Energy loss without use
c) Voltage rise
d) Heat increase
Answer: b

Q59. Battery efficiency refers to:
a) Energy loss
b) Energy conversion effectiveness
c) Voltage rise
d) Heat rise
Answer: b

Q60. Higher efficiency means:
a) More loss
b) Better performance
c) Lower output
d) Higher weight
Answer: b

Q61. Nominal voltage is:
a) Variable
b) Constant rated voltage
c) Zero
d) Maximum only
Answer: b

Q62. Specific power indicates:
a) Energy storage
b) Rate of energy delivery
c) Temperature
d) Weight
Answer: b

Q63. Higher specific power means:
a) Faster delivery
b) Lower energy
c) Higher weight
d) Low voltage
Answer: a

Q64. Capacity measured in:
a) Volt
b) Ampere-hour
c) Watt
d) Ohm
Answer: b

Q65. Higher capacity means:
a) Less storage
b) More energy storage
c) Low efficiency
d) Low voltage
Answer: b

Q66. Self-discharge is higher in:
a) Primary batteries
b) Secondary batteries
c) Solar cells
d) Capacitors
Answer: b

Q67. Li-ion batteries are preferred for:
a) Low density
b) High energy density
c) Heavy weight
d) Low life
Answer: b

Q68. Nail penetration test checks:
a) Charging
b) Safety
c) Voltage
d) Capacity
Answer: b

Q69. Short circuit test checks:
a) Speed
b) Safety
c) Temperature
d) Voltage
Answer: b

Q70. Charge/discharge test measures:
a) Color
b) Performance
c) Size
d) Weight
Answer: b

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✅ SECTION D: BATTERY PACK & BMS (Q71–85)

Q71. Battery cell is:
a) Module
b) Single unit
c) Pack
d) Charger
Answer: b

Q72. Module is:
a) Single cell
b) Group of cells
c) Pack
d) Motor
Answer: b

Q73. Battery pack is:
a) Cell
b) Module group
c) Charger
d) Motor
Answer: b

Q74. BMS stands for:
a) Basic system
b) Battery Management System
c) Motor system
d) Monitoring system
Answer: b

Q75. BMS function:
a) Charging
b) Monitoring & control
c) Cooling
d) Lighting
Answer: b

Q76. Busbar connects:
a) Cells electrically
b) Cooling system
c) Charger
d) Motor
Answer: a

Q77. Wire harness is for:
a) Mechanical support
b) Electrical wiring
c) Cooling
d) Heating
Answer: b

Q78. Battery sizing depends on:
a) Color
b) Capacity & voltage
c) Shape
d) Speed
Answer: b

Q79. Thermal design ensures:
a) Appearance
b) Safety & performance
c) Cost
d) Weight
Answer: b

Q80. Good design is:
a) Complex
b) Simple & reliable
c) Expensive
d) Heavy
Answer: b

Q81. Low temperature deviation means:
a) Uneven temp
b) Uniform temp
c) High temp
d) No cooling
Answer: b

Q82. Thermal factors include:
a) Material
b) Heat transfer
c) Flow rate
d) All
Answer: d

Q83. Mechanical design focuses on:
a) Color
b) Structure & safety
c) Voltage
d) Charging
Answer: b

Q84. End plates provide:
a) Cooling
b) Support
c) Charging
d) Voltage
Answer: b

Q85. Side strips help in:
a) Decoration
b) Alignment
c) Cooling
d) Charging
Answer: b

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✅ SECTION E: EV ELECTRONICS & DESIGN (Q86–100)

Q86. OBD stands for:
a) Onboard Data
b) Onboard Diagnostics
c) Output Device
d) Battery Data
Answer: b

Q87. ECU stands for:
a) Electrical Control Unit
b) Electronic Control Unit
c) Energy Unit
d) Engine Unit
Answer: b

Q88. OBD monitors:
a) Performance
b) Battery
c) Faults
d) All
Answer: d

Q89. DTC means:
a) Data Code
b) Diagnostic Trouble Code
c) Device Code
d) Transfer Code
Answer: b

Q90. ADAS is for:
a) Charging
b) Safety
c) Cooling
d) Lighting
Answer: b

Q91. ADAS feature:
a) Lane assist
b) Auto braking
c) Blind spot
d) All
Answer: d

Q92. LiDAR is used for:
a) Charging
b) Detection
c) Cooling
d) Lighting
Answer: b

Q93. RADAR works in:
a) Clear weather
b) Fog
c) Indoor
d) Heat
Answer: b

Q94. V2G means:
a) Vehicle to Grid
b) Voltage to Grid
c) Vehicle to Generator
d) Voltage to Generator
Answer: a

Q95. V2H means:
a) Vehicle to Home
b) Voltage to Home
c) Vehicle to Hub
d) Voltage to Hub
Answer: a

Q96. Aerodynamics reduces:
a) Drag
b) Weight
c) Heat
d) Voltage
Answer: a

Q97. Drag affects:
a) Battery
b) Range
c) Motor
d) Charging
Answer: b

Q98. Vehicle dynamics studies:
a) Battery
b) Motion
c) Charging
d) Lighting
Answer: b

Q99. Traction ensures:
a) Cooling
b) Grip
c) Charging
d) Lighting
Answer: b

Q100. Homologation ensures:
a) Design
b) Safety compliance
c) Charging
d) Speed
Answer: b