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MCQ Type Exam Semester II – Environmental Impact

Indian Institute of Solar Energy > MCQ Type Exam Semester II – Environmental Impact

 

  1. What is the primary cause of greenhouse gas emissions contributing to global warming?
    A) Deforestation
    B) Water pollution
    C) Air pollution
    D) Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
    Answer: D
  2. Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable energy source with significant environmental impact?
    A) Wind energy
    B) Solar energy
    C) Natural gas
    D) Geothermal energy
    Answer: C
  3. What is the term for the process by which pollutants are removed from water through a natural system of plants and microorganisms?
    A) Desalination
    B) Carbon capture
    C) Phytoremediation
    D) Incineration
    Answer: C
  4. Which environmental issue is associated with the thinning of the ozone layer?
    A) Acid rain
    B) Ocean acidification
    C) Greenhouse effect
    D) Ozone depletion
    Answer: D
  5. What is the primary cause of coral reef bleaching and deterioration?
    A) Overfishing
    B) Pollution
    C) Global warming
    D) Tidal waves
    Answer: C
  6. Which international treaty aims to protect and conserve biodiversity?
    A) Kyoto Protocol
    B) Montreal Protocol
    C) Cartagena Protocol
    D) Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
    Answer: D
  7. What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth’s average temperature due to human activities?
    A) Climate change
    B) Weather variability
    C) Natural warming
    D) Seasonal shifts
    Answer: A
  8. Which of the following pollutants is responsible for the phenomenon known as “acid rain”?
    A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
    B) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
    C) Methane (CH4)
    D) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
    Answer: B
  9. Which organization is responsible for assessing and addressing global environmental issues under the United Nations?
    A) WHO (World Health Organization)
    B) UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)
    C) UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)
    D) IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
    Answer: C
  10. Which of the following is a renewable energy source with minimal environmental impact?
    A) Coal
    B) Nuclear power
    C) Biomass
    D) Hydroelectric power
    Answer: D
  11. What is the primary greenhouse gas emitted from agricultural activities?
    A) Methane (CH4)
    B) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
    C) Nitrous oxide (N2O)
    D) Ozone (O3)
    Answer: A
  12. Which of the following is a common method for reducing plastic pollution in oceans?
    A) Recycling
    B) Incineration
    C) Dumping in deep sea trenches
    D) Landfill disposal
    Answer: A
  13. Which of the following is a major contributor to air pollution in urban areas?
    A) Forest fires
    B) Volcanic eruptions
    C) Automobile emissions
    D) Desert dust storms
    Answer: C
  14. What is the term for the gradual increase in the concentration of a substance in the tissues of living organisms as it moves up the food chain?
    A) Biomagnification
    B) Bioaccumulation
    C) Biodegradation
    D) Bioconcentration
    Answer: A
  15. Which of the following is a natural ecosystem service that benefits agriculture by promoting pollination and pest control?
    A) Desertification
    B) Monoculture
    C) Biodiversity
    D) Acid rain
    Answer: C
  16. What is the major environmental concern associated with hydraulic fracturing (fracking)?
    A) Air pollution
    B) Soil erosion
    C) Water conservation
    D) Noise pollution
    Answer: A
  17. What type of energy source is derived from the heat stored in the Earth’s interior?
    A) Geothermal energy
    B) Fossil fuels
    C) Wind energy
    D) Tidal energy
    Answer: A
  18. Which international agreement set targets for reducing carbon emissions to mitigate climate change?
    A) Paris Agreement
    B) Geneva Convention
    C) Rio Declaration
    D) Kyoto Protocol
    Answer: A
  19. What is the term for the release of greenhouse gases from thawing permafrost?
    A) Permafrost melt
    B) Cryosphere disruption
    C) Methane burp
    D) Glacial retreat
    Answer: C
  20. Which of the following pollutants is primarily responsible for the formation of smog in urban areas?
    A) Particulate matter
    B) Carbon monoxide (CO)
    C) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
    D) Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
    Answer: D
  21. What is the primary function of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States?
    A) Promoting industrial growth
    B) Enforcing wildlife protection laws
    C) Regulating and protecting the environment
    D) Conducting climate research
    Answer: C
  22. Which of the following is a renewable energy source that harnesses energy from the sun?
    A) Hydroelectric power
    B) Tidal energy
    C) Solar power
    D) Nuclear power
    Answer: C
  23. What is the term for the process of using living organisms to clean up contaminated environments?
    A) Phytoremediation
    B) Biodegradation
    C) Landfill disposal
    D) Composting
    Answer: A
  24. What environmental issue is related to the loss of biodiversity caused by human activities?
    A) Desertification
    B) Ozone depletion
    C) Habitat destruction
    D) Ocean acidification
    Answer: C
  25. Which of the following is a key driver of deforestation worldwide?
    A) Sustainable logging practices
    B) Expansion of protected areas
    C) Agricultural expansion
    D) Ecotourism
    Answer: C
  26. What is the term for the phenomenon where a region experiences reduced precipitation and water scarcity for an extended period?
    A) Drought
    B) Flood
    C) Typhoon
    D) Monsoon
    Answer: A
  27. What is the primary cause of the “ocean garbage patches” where plastic waste accumulates in the sea?
    A) Industrial runoff
    B) Natural erosion
    C) Marine littering
    D) Oil spills
    Answer: C
  28. What is the impact of ocean acidification on marine life?
    A) Enhanced coral growth
    B) Increased fish populations
    C) Harm to shellfish and coral reefs
    D) Reduced sea level rise
    Answer: C
  29. Which greenhouse gas is produced by the decomposition of organic matter in landfills?
    A) Methane (CH4)
    B) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
    C) Nitrous oxide (N2O)
    D) Ozone (O3)
    Answer: A
  30. What is the term for the intentional killing of a specific species to protect other species or ecosystems?
    A) Conservation
    B) Poaching
    C) Habitat destruction
    D) Culling
    Answer: D
  31. Which environmental issue is associated with the rapid melting of polar ice caps and glaciers?
    A) Desertification
    B) Rising sea levels
    C) Acid rain
    D) Soil erosion
    Answer: B
  32. What is the term for the practice of planting a variety of crops in the same area to promote biodiversity and reduce the risk of pests?
    A) Monoculture
    B) Crop rotation
    C) Organic farming
    D) Agroforestry
    Answer: B
  33. Which of the following is a common method for reducing air pollution from vehicles?
    A) Using leaded gasoline
    B) Installing catalytic converters
    C) Disposing of used tires in open fields
    D) Increasing speed limits
    Answer: B
  34. What is the primary cause of the “Dead Zone” in the Gulf of Mexico, where oxygen levels are critically low?
    A) Excessive nutrient runoff
    B) Oil spills
    C) Overfishing
    D) Acid rain
    Answer: A
  35. What is the term for the process of removing minerals or other geological materials from the Earth’s crust?
    A) Quarrying
    B) Fracking
    C) Smelting
    D) Desalination
    Answer: A
  36. Which of the following is a natural greenhouse gas responsible for regulating the Earth’s temperature?
    A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
    B) Methane (CH4)
    C) Oxygen (O2)
    D) Helium (He)
    Answer: A
  37. What is the main environmental impact of the use of chemical pesticides in agriculture?
    A) Enhanced crop yields
    B) Reduced soil erosion
    C) Harm to non-target species and ecosystems
    D) Improved pollination
    Answer: C
  38. What is the primary purpose of a wetland ecosystem in environmental conservation?
    A) Groundwater recharge
    B) Recreation and tourism
    C) Waste disposal
    D) Industrial development
    Answer: A
  39. Which of the following is a sustainable alternative to traditional agriculture that requires no soil and minimal water use?
    A) Organic farming
    B) Aquaponics
    C) Crop rotation
    D) Slash-and-burn agriculture
    Answer: B
  40. What is the term for the removal of a forest to make way for urban development or agriculture?
    A) Afforestation
    B) Reforestation
    C) Deforestation
    D) Conservation
    Answer: C
  41. Which international treaty regulates the trade of endangered species to protect them from overexploitation?
    A) CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)
    B) UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)
    C) CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity)
    D) Montreal Protocol
    Answer: A
  42. What is the process of converting waste materials into reusable materials called?
    A) Incineration
    B) Recycling
    C) Landfilling
    D) Dumping
    Answer: B
  43. What environmental issue is related to the depletion of the ozone layer?
    A) Desertification
    B) Acid rain
    C) Global warming
    D) Ozone depletion
    Answer: D
  44. Which renewable energy source is harnessed from the movement of tides and ocean currents?
    A) Solar energy
    B) Wind energy
    C) Tidal energy
    D) Geothermal energy
    Answer: C
  45. What is the term for the practice of reusing waste materials to create new products?
    A) Reprocessing
    B) Incineration
    C) Disposal
    D) Composting
    Answer: A
  46. Which greenhouse gas is produced through the use of synthetic fertilizers in agriculture?
    A) Methane (CH4)
    B) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
    C) Nitrous oxide (N2O)
    D) Ozone (O3)
    Answer: C
  47. What environmental issue is caused by the accumulation of excess nutrients in bodies of water?
    A) Eutrophication
    B) Desertification
    C) Habitat loss
    D) Soil erosion
    Answer: A
  48. What is the term for the practice of managing forests in a way that promotes sustainability and biodiversity?
    A) Clear-cutting
    B) Monoculture
    C) Sustainable forestry
    D) Desertification
    Answer: C
  49. What is the primary source of mercury pollution in the environment?
    A) Volcanic eruptions
    B) Gold mining
    C) Solar radiation
    D) Wind erosion
    Answer: B
  50. What environmental issue is associated with the overharvesting of fish stocks in the world’s oceans?
    A) Ocean acidification
    B) Marine pollution
    C) Overfishing
    D) Coral bleaching
    Answer: C